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Steroid Injection

Steroid injections play an important role in managing autoimmune and joint conditions. They can be administered into joints, the spine, muscles, tendons, or bursae and may also be given intravenously to address flares.

The steroids used in these injections are known as corticosteroids, which differ from anabolic steroids, that are used to enhance muscle growth. Corticosteroids are synthetic forms of cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands located above the kidneys.

These hormones play a major role in:

  • Managing stress: Helping the body respond to injury or illness.
  • Reducing inflammation: Suppressing immune system activity in order to ease swelling and discomfort.

Steroid injections enhance the anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing effects of your body’s natural hormones.

A healthcare provider experienced in joint injections, such as a primary care physician, sports medicine specialist or orthopaedic surgeon, can administer a steroid shot.

Purpose of Steroid Injections

Steroid injections are a solution for treating various conditions, illnesses, and injuries. They are frequently recommended for immune-related disorders such as:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Lupus
  • Allergies
  • Multiple sclerosis

Additionally, they help manage joint and muscle conditions, including:

  • Osteoarthritis
  • Bursitis
  • Gout
  • Tendinitis
  • Plantar fasciitis
  • Joint pain
  • Sciatica

Why Consider a Steroid Shot?

Your doctor may explore alternative injections, like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stem cells, for managing joint pain. On the other hand, only a steroid injection can be paired with an anaesthetic so as to identify the root cause of joint pain.

Pain may originate from within or outside the joint. Most surgical procedures, including arthroscopy and joint replacement, focus solely on internal joint pain. Because of this, a steroid shot is considered a valuable diagnostic tool when evaluating potential surgery, even if the pain relief is temporary.

  • Immediate and significant pain relief after a steroid injection suggests that the pain originates within the joint and may be effectively treated with surgery.
  • Slight or no immediate pain relief may suggest that the injection did not get to the intended joint. To improve accuracy, many healthcare providers employ ultrasound or fluoroscopy for guidance, though injections can still be administered in the office.
  • Confirmed injection into the joint with little or no relief suggests the pain stems from an external source like a fracture, tendon or ligament injury, or neuromuscular condition. Joint discomfort may also originate from other areas, including the lower back or a different joint. If a steroid injection fails to provide relief, further evaluation is needed to identify the actual source of pain.

How the Steroid Injection Works

The steroid in the injection contains anti-inflammatory effects that help reduce pain and swelling. Once administered, the steroid settles on the joint lining. As the lining’s cells interact with the steroid, they work alongside the immune system to lessen inflammation and discomfort.

These are some of the key points about how steroid injections work:

  • The steroid usually takes a few days to take effect as it interacts with joint-lining cells. To guarantee faster relief, the injection is often used in combination with an anaesthetic such as lidocaine or bupivacaine.
  • Some individuals may experience a temporary worsening of pain, known as a “flare,” lasting 1 to 2 days before the steroid begins working.
  • The effects of the injection can persist for several weeks; hence improving joint function by alleviating pain that restricts movement.

How Effective Is a Steroid Shot?

Steroid injections are a reliable treatment for many individuals experiencing joint pain. This is particularly the case when other approaches, including oral medications and physical therapies, have failed to provide adequate relief.

The success of a steroid injection is based mainly on whether the pain originates from within or outside the joint.

While these injections can effectively reduce pain caused by internal joint inflammation, they do not address the condition’s root cause. Since the underlying issue persists and may worsen over time if left untreated, repeated steroid shots may, in the end, become less effective.

How Often Can You Receive a Steroid Shot?

There is no strict medical limit on the count of steroid injections that one can receive. This is because the frequency is determined by individual needs.

However, healthcare providers typically recommend a maximum of three to four injections yearly. Beyond this limit, surgery may be a more viable option; this is because additional steroid shots could lead to diminishing pain relief and an increased risk of complications such as infections or tendon damage.

Possible Steroid Injection Side Effects

  • Pain near the injection site that ranges from mild to severe, often known as a steroid flare.
  • Bruising, skin thinning or paleness around the injection site
  • Facial flashing lasting a few hours.
  • Insomnia
  • A temporary rise in blood pressure, particularly in those with hypertension.
  • Small dimples near the injection site as a result of fat loss
  • Infection that may become severe. Contact your GP if the injection site is painful, swollen or red.
  • Increased appetite

Who Should Be Cautious?

Steroid shots may not be suitable for everyone. Consult your doctor if you:

  • Had a steroid injection recently.
  • Develop an infection.
  • Are allergic to steroids.
  • Recently received or plan to get a vaccination.
  • Have high blood pressure, diabetes, epilepsy or organ-related health concerns.
  • Are pregnant or breastfeeding.
  • Take blood thinners (anticoagulants).

Your doctor will assess whether the risks of steroid injections are outweighed by the advantages based on your medical history.

Bottom Line

Steroid injections can be an effective option for managing joint pain and inflammation, particularly when other treatments have not provided sufficient relief. While they offer significant benefits, it’s important to understand their limitations plus potential side effects.

If joint pain is affecting your daily life, don’t wait—schedule an appointment with us to discuss whether a steroid injection is right for you. A personalised evaluation can help you explore the best treatment options to help you regain mobility and improve your quality of life.