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Patellar Tendinopathy (Jumper’s Knee)

Patellar tendinopathy, also known as jumper’s knee, is a condition characterised by inflammation of the patellar tendon located at the front of the knee. This tendon links the kneecap (patella) with the upper part of the shinbone (tibia) and works with the quadriceps muscle to facilitate knee and lower leg movement.

Symptoms

Prevalent signs and symptoms of patellar tendinopathy are:

  • Pain at the front of the knee.
  • Stiffness that may make bending or straightening the knee difficult.
  • Tenderness just below the kneecap, even with a slight touch.

Causes

Patellar tendinopathy is a repeated strain injury caused by excessive strain on the patellar tendon. It mostly results from overuse, particularly in sports or activities that involve frequent jumping, sprinting, or sudden movements.

Repeated strain can lead to small tears in the tendon. If the knee continues to be subjected to intense activity without a sufficient recovery period, these tears fail to heal properly. With time, it weakens the tendon and causes pain.

Two primary factors contribute to patellar tendon damage:

  • A sudden increase in activity: A rapid ramp in training intensity or starting a new high-impact sport can strain the tendon before it has adapted.
  • Lack of rest and overuse: Continuous intense activity without adequate recovery prevents the tendon from healing; this thus increases the risk of injury. Gradually increasing activity levels can help reduce the risk.

Risk Factors

While anyone can develop patellar tendinopathy, certain factors increase susceptibility:

  • Athletes engaged in sports requiring frequent sprinting, jumping, or quick directional changes.
  • Elite or professional athletes with high training demands.
  • Individuals with physically demanding occupations or hobbies.
  • Being a man.
  • People over 40.

Sports commonly linked to patellar tendinopathy are:

  • Volleyball
  • Basketball
  • Track events (long jump, hurdles, high jump)
  • Football
  • Gymnastics
  • Figure skating
  • Soccer

Diagnosis

Patellar tendinopathy is often diagnosed through a physical examination. The GP will assess your knee, compare it to the uninjured one, and ask about your symptoms, including when they started and any activities that may have triggered them.

Be sure to share details about your sports, job, or hobbies that entail repetitive knee movement, as well as any activities or positions that worsen or relieve your symptoms.

To confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the extent of the injury, your provider may recommend imaging tests, such as X-ray, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and ultrasound.

Treatment Options

Doctors frequently recommend various treatments to promote healing and relieve symptoms. The most effective approaches include:

  • Rest: Avoid activities or movements that strain the tendon in order to prevent more damage.
  • Ice therapy: Place ice or a cold pack on the knee for 15 minutes several times per day to reduce swelling. Always use a thin towel or cloth to protect the skin.
  • Elevation: Try keeping your knee elevated above heart level as much as possible to minimise swelling. When lying, you can use cushions or pillows to support the knee.
  • Medications: Non-prescription NSAIDs help ease inflammation and pain. On the other hand, acetaminophen relieves discomfort even though it doesn’t address swelling. Avoid long-term use for over ten days without consulting a provider.
  • Knee brace: Wearing a brace can provide support in addition to stability during recovery. Your provider will recommend the appropriate type.
  • Physical therapy (PT): A physical therapist will guide you through exercises and stretches to improve flexibility and strengthen the muscles around your knee. This reduces strain on the tendon.
  • Surgery: Surgery is rarely needed for patellar tendinopathy. Nonetheless, is usually considered if the tendon is torn or if severe symptoms persist despite non-surgical treatments.

Conclusion

Patellar tendinopathy can be painful and limiting. However, you can reduce discomfort and regain mobility by taking proactive steps such as rest, physical therapy and proper knee care. Whether you are an athlete, have a physically demanding job, or simply want to move pain-free, effective treatment is available.

Schedule an appointment with our experts today to receive a personalised evaluation and treatment plan.