1st MTP
1st MTP (first metatarsophalangeal) joint osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition in which the cartilage within the joint gradually wears away. As the protective cartilage deteriorates, individuals may experience pain, swelling, stiffness, and restricted movement. Usually, this condition affects the joint at the big toe base.
Common Symptoms
Individuals with 1st MTP joint osteoarthritis may experience:
- Pain in the ball of the foot
- Joint stiffness
- Swelling near the joint
- Limited range of motion in the joint
- A sensation of joint instability
Risk Factors
1st MTP joint osteoarthritis mostly affects women; and the risk usually increases with age. Other contributing risk factors comprise:
- Foot deformities, including bunions and hammertoes.
- Repeated activities such as running and jumping that strain the joint.
- Injury or trauma to the joint
- Genetics
Diagnosis
During 1st MTP joint osteoarthritis diagnosis, the doctor will review your medical history, conduct a physical examination, and may order imaging tests. A physical exam is done to thoroughly assess pain, swelling or tenderness near the joint.
Examples of the imaging tests that may also be recommended include:
- X-ray: Identifies bone spurs, joint damage, and cartilage loss.
- Ultrasound: Detects bony abnormalities, inflammation, and excess fluid in the joint.
Treatment Options
Treatment for 1st MTPJ osteoarthritis begins with conservative approaches to manage pain and improve joint function. These may entail:
- Rest: Steer clear of any activities that worsen symptoms.
- Ice therapy: Apply ice packs for 15–20 minutes several times a day to reduce inflammation.
- Pain relief: Over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen or naproxen can assist in managing discomfort.
- Arch supports: Using arch supports or custom orthotics to reduce strain on the joint.
- Stretching & strengthening exercises: After the pain subsides, targeted exercises can enhance flexibility and boost surrounding muscles.
- Corticosteroid injections: Injections into the joint may temporarily relieve pain and inflammation.
Advanced treatment options:
If symptoms persist despite conservative care, additional treatments may be necessary:
- Physical therapy: Helps improve joint mobility, strengthen surrounding muscles as well as enhance stability.
- Surgery: Reserved for severe cases that are irresponsive to other conservative treatments. Surgical options involve joint fusion, replacement, or arthroplasty to relieve pain and restore function.
Bottom Line
1st MTP joint osteoarthritis is usually associated with pain, stiffness, and restricted motion. These symptoms make movement difficult and prevent one from carrying out daily activities. For this reason, early diagnosis and proper care are helpful in maintaining mobility and preventing further complications.
If you’re struggling with foot pain or stiffness, we can help you. Simply schedule an appointment with our specialist today to discuss your symptoms and find the best treatment.